STEPHEN: Amani!

SIMON: Why did they kill him?

He was just doing his job.

(gun fires) When there is drought, conflict break out between the different tribes.

I still don't know what really happened to my dad.

- (whistling) HARON (speaking Swahili): ANDIA WINSLOW: "Searching for Amani."

On DocWorld.

(wildlife chittering) (insects buzzing) (dirt shifting) - (exhales) Then the work is done.

You know, it's now one, two, three years since my dad died.

And you see?

No, no tears.

Just joy.

So, hope you enjoy.

(snaps fingers) Bye.

(camera beeps) ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ (insects buzzing) ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ (wildlife chittering) - (sniffs) (wildlife chittering) STEPHEN (speaking Swahili): (voice echoing, thunder crashes) - (breathing softly) (bed creaking) (sniffs deeply) (rooster crowing in distance) (hip-hop playing in background) LUCY: Simon!

(speaking Swahili): (music continues) (chickens squawking and screeching) (sheep bleating, chickens squawking) (cows lowing, sheep bleating) (birds chirping) (camera beeps) SIMON (in video): I couldn't trust the tradition.

My name is Simon Ali Apet... (camera chimes) (camera beeping) (video continues) (video stops) (camera beeps) CHILD: Simon?

- Uh-huh?

(child speaking indistinctly) - (speaking Swahili): My name is Simon.

Simon Ali.

I'm 13 years old and I live at a place called Laikipia County in Kenya.

(children laughing) (door creaking) - Morning.

(baby and woman babbling) - (making scratching sound effects) DJ!

(speaking indistinctly) (people talking in background) - (laughing) LEVIS: I'm sorry, man.

SIMON: We have a big home, a big shamba.

Two brothers-- Ken, Levis.

- (laughing, speaking indistinctly) SIMON: Two sisters.

- (giggling) SIMON: Charlene.

Faith.

- (laughing) SIMON: My mother.

- (singing softly) SIMON: We just have a family of six.

(all laughing, music playing in background) (all exclaiming indistinctly) (camera beeps) (whirring) (lens zooming) (camera beeps) LEVIS: So, why did you like journalism?

- Why I like jour... Because it is, like, it is, like, in my veins.

LEVIS: Can you talk more about journalism?

- Knowing some-- knowing what is wrong and what is right.

That's, that's, like, that's the journey of maybe, of maybe your career.

That's where you start.

Yeah?

(lens zooming) LEVIS: Yeah.

SIMON: What are you doing?

LEVIS: I'm just taking some... - Concentrate.

When, when you are already doing... LUCY: He was interested in the journalism career from when he was just, like, six years, or five.

(speaking Swahili): ..."Mama, when I grew up, I'd like to be like this man."

- You know, if... LEVIS: Who inspired-- who inspired you?

- A person who is called, who is called Jeff Koinange.

LEVIS: Jeff Koinange?

- Who is a Citizen, a Citizen news anchor.

Citizen TV news anchor.

KOINANGE (on TV): Start tweeting, @KoinangeJeff, @CitizenTVKenya, with the hashtag #JKLive.

- JKLive.

JK Live begins right now.

A night!

- (mouthing) - President Uhuru Kenyatta has declared the drought ravaging the country a national disaster.

The decision follows a meeting he held with leaders from Kenya's arid and semi-arid lands, where at least 2.1 million Kenyans are facing starvation.

Let's get more from our very own Raquel Muigai.

(wildlife chittering) (water sloshing) (goat bleats) ♪ ♪ SIMON (speaking Swahili): (birds chirping) My dad worked at one of the last green parts in the North.

The Laikipia Nature Conservancy.

(elephant trumpeting) It's a place where they are trying to protect the land and the animals that live there.

He worked just about every job at the conservancy, and worked closely with the family that owns it.

- (speaking Swahili): SIMON: He worked there for 20 years until he was shot.

DIRECTOR: Can you tell me a little bit about your dad?

- Mm-hmm.

(crying) (audio distorts) (bells jangling in rhythm) (group singing) - (speaking indistinctly) SIMON (speaking Swahili): ♪ ♪ (elephant trumpets softly) My dad was a nature conserver.

He was just doing his job, but he was shot with two bullets.

Everyone in my family wants justice.

We want to know, why did they do that?

Why did they kill him?

- (speaking Swahili): KEN: FAITH (speaking Swahili): KEN: LUCY: After his father's death, he was just telling the others... (speaking Swahili): (phone buttons clicking) (water sloshing) (audio distorts) ♪ ♪ (gun fires) (gunshot echoing) (rooster crowing, animals chittering) (people talking in background) LUCY (speaking Swahili): SIMON: - (speaking Swahili): SIMON: Yeah.

LUCY: SIMON (speaking Swahili): CHILD: 5:00?

(others laughing) - (speaking Swahili): ("Matata" by Mare Mare playing in background) (song continues) SIMON: My dad could not spend much time at home because he was always at work.

(engine rumbling) So I went to school in the North to be closer to him.

(elephant trumpeting) (song continues) Our boarding school is a mix of boys and girls from all the communities that live around the conservancy.

(song continues) We are farmers in my family, but most of my friends at school are pastoralists: cattle herders who move from one place to another in search of food and pasture for their livestock.

(song continues) When there is drought, conflict break out between the different tribes.

But in school, we are not separated by tribe.

(song continues) ♪ ♪ (camera beeps) My name is Simon Ali, and welcome to Tumaini Academy.

And I'm at school.

- Ooh-ooh!

(both laugh) My name is Haron.

(grunting) (both talking indistinctly) SIMON: My friendship with Haron... (speaking Swahili): (both laughing) SIMON: (talking indistinctly) HARON (speaking Swahili): (camera beeps) SIMON: What challenges do you get as a teacher?

(man chuckles) HARON (speaking Swahili): SIMON: I just ask a question, but I don't want you to be silly, or... - (laughs) - Uh... (laughs) (teacher speaking indistinctly) (ringing) (children calling) (people talking in background) HARON (speaking Swahili): SIMON: Have you ever meet my dad?

- Yes.

- Where?

- In school here.

But I saw him, he was just taking the photos.

(speaking Swahili): SIMON: (camera beeps) ♪ ♪ It's like, we just plan a big interview, interview all the workers at the conservancy.

- (speaking Swahili): ♪ ♪ SIMON: HARON: Huh?

SIMON: (birds twittering) WOMAN (on computer): In this video, we are going to explain what it takes to make a good journalist.

Research is important.

Remember to use always more than one sources.

SIMON: I haven't been back to the conservancy since when my dad was killed.

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ My dad used to say you can see the conservancy from space.

It's a green 100,000-acre square, surrounded by brown.

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ (speaking Swahili): When the British came and colonized this land, the herders were forced off and moved to reservations.

When Kenya became independent, many of the British left and sold their land to wealthy Europeans.

This is how this land came to be owned by the Gallmann family.

Makena and her mother, Kuki Gallmann.

(watch ticking) - Welcome back to 60 Minutes.

40 years ago, a glamorous young Italian woman swapped her life of privilege for the wilds of Africa.

Kuki Gallmann turned a vast cattle ranch into Kenya's largest private wildlife sanctuary.

(vehicle door closes) (engine idling) MAKENA: Where is he?

(man laughing) MAKENA: There he is!

Are you having a good time?

- Yeah.

SIMON: Makena has known my dad since they were teenagers.

She knows the most about his murder investigation.

- Yes, welcome.

Chai?

SIMON: Mm-hmm, yeah.

- Yeah?

(sighing): Oh, God.

The day that it happened, we rented some sniffer dogs that went with the police team, and they found the tracks of six men.

And they followed those tracks out into a village in the community, and then all three dogs went straight to the door of one of the houses.

All the men had vanished, and there were two women left in the house.

And one of them was a very young woman, so she was just telling this story.

"Yeah, six guys came.

"They spent the night in this hut.

"And in the morning, early, before it was even light, they left again."

Um, I then arrived at the police station, and we tried to push it and push it and push it.

We spoke to the N.I.S., we spoke to all sorts of people at a local level, and we never got anywhere.

♪ ♪ ENOCH: Ah, Simon!

Hey.

(speaking Swahili): - Okay.

How many years had you, have you been with Ali?

- Working, uh, with Ali more than ten years.

- Mm.

- He was my best friend.

MWANGI (speaking Swahili): ♪ ♪ (knock at window) ISAAC: I was on patrol, yes, I...

I really try to remember that day.

It was not very clear in my mind.

(speaking Swahili): GEORGE (speaking Swahili): MWANGI: (Simon murmurs) MWANGI: GEORGE: ( "amani" echoing) SIMON: MWANGI: GEORGE: (crickets chirping) (rooster crowing in distance) ♪ ♪ (audio distorting) (wildlife chittering) SIMON (speaking Swahili): (automatic gunfire echoing) (men speaking indistinctly on radio) ISAAC: Where the problem lies is mostly from the people who come from the north part.

Because, this is the northern part-- as you see, it is a lot, very dry area.

But when it come to drought season, this community try to move the animals from one point to other for searching of the water and the grass.

(herders whistling) (motorcycle approaching) SIMON (speaking Swahili): (herders whistling in distance) SIMON: (insects buzzing) (animals bleat in distance) MAKENA: Hi.

All of these troubles have come about as a result of resource competition, basically.

Their entire livelihoods are dependent on livestock and cattle.

The problem is that the population has exploded, and the amount of livestock that the community needs in order to sustain has exploded, as well, but the space has shrunk.

And in addition to that, a lot of the land in the North is becoming desert very, very quickly, as you know.

Like, from Turkana down to Salalah, it's just dust.

And so it's resulted in these huge land invasions that have come with a lot, a lot of violence.

And we're just another area of grass and water, and we manage our grass and water very, very carefully.

So there's a very rich resource, as you can see here, of grass and water.

But the question has always been, if, if all they want is grass and water, then why come with the guns?

JOURNALIST: How deep are the roots of the Laikipia conflict?

MAN: It is inconceivable, but over 50% of the land in Laikipia County is owned by less than 30 people.

That is bound to cause problems.

This has been raised again.

JOURNALIST 2: Why would a person coming from Italy feel that it was her duty to protect the land from the people that are living here originally?

KUKI: I allow the, the pastoral to come into my land on, under certain conditions, but they didn't respect, sadly, the condition that we put, so we had to actually ask them to leave.

JOURNALIST 3: There's been a romanticization of what, you know, wildlife conservation looks like.

You've got all of these ranches on hundreds of thousands of acres, and they fence those off.

But you've also got all of these people who are being pushed and stressed by the drought looking for pasture.

It's not merely political, it's not merely criminal, but it is a push-and-pull between conservation and the pastoralists' way of life.

♪ ♪ SIMON: My dad comes from pastoralist community.

He was a Turkana, from the North of Kenya.

He grew up with no money, and so the job at the conservancy was really important.

It allowed him to put us all through school.

Makena and my dad were talking to local elders, trying to build a bridge between the pastoralist community and the conservancy, until he was shot.

(gunshot echoes) STEPHEN (speaking Swahili): (radio chirps) (video continues playing) (dog barking in distance) ♪ ♪ (all singing Kenyan national anthem) (anthem ends) (talking in background) TEACHER: Good morning, class.

STUDENTS (murmuring): Good morning.

TEACHER: Sit down.

Today, we are learning about environments.

If you check around, there is no green anywhere.

Climate change has many effects.

One effect of climate change?

STUDENTS (individually): Drought.

TEACHER: Yes, drought.

So why it is easier for the dry grass to launch fire?

- (talking in background) (children calling) JOURNALIST 4: The drought has ravaged harvests across the North, where rain hasn't fallen for more than a year, and aid groups are warning that more than two million people are at risk of starving.

(report echoes, radio tuning) JOURNALIST 5 (fading in): Africa has been responsible... (at full volume): Africa has been responsible for less than four percent of the emissions, but it is by far the most vulnerable region to the effects of climate change.

JOURNALIST 6: The worst drought in decades is gripping Eastern Africa, parching landscapes, killing livestock, creating a humanitarian crisis.

(report echoes) It's also leading to civil strife, as shepherding communities battle each other for scarce resources.

The conservancy's on fire.

I think the surrounding communities are the ones who started the fire.

They want grass and they want it by force.

NEWS ANCHOR: Now, the Laikipia Nature Conservancy remains at the center of fierce clashes by herders and local communities, which have claimed at least 15 lives in the last few months.

NEWS ANCHOR 2: Aerial footage captured armed herders who have, for days on end, rained terror inside the Laikipia Nature Conservancy.

(automatic rifle firing) MAKENA: Men come through here and then go out to start burning schools and villages, and, and killing people senselessly.

And you question, you know, what is, what is the drive of that?

(reporter speaking on TV) (goat bleating) FAITH AND CHARLENE: Five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.

(bell ringing) TEACHER: Breathe in.

Breathe out.

(students exhale) Relax.

(teacher continues) (chair squeaks) (people talking in background) (birds twittering) SIMON (speaking Swahili): BOY: Solution?

- Yeah.

BOY: You know... (speaking Swahili): ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ (people talking in background) TEACHER (speaking Swahili): STUDENT: TEACHER: (tools striking) SIMON: TEACHER: HARON: SIMON: HARON: SIMON: HARON: SIMON: HARON: (people talking in background) ♪ ♪ SIMON: I want to spend some time at Haron's house.

He and his family are pastoralists.

They live in the North and raise cattle full time.

♪ ♪ (people talking in background) (goats bleating) (bleating) (goats bleating) (bleating) - (chirps) (wind blowing) SIMON (speaking Swahili): HARON: SIMON: HARON: SIMON: HARON: (bleating) SIMON: BABA: (water sloshing) (cattle lowing) (herder whistling) (cattle lowing, goats bleating) (Haron whistles) (exclaims) (whistling) HARON: (camera beeps) SIMON: HARON: SIMON: HARON: SIMON: HARON: (cows lowing) (Haron whistling) (guns firing in distance) (dog barking, man ordering) (goats bleating) (bleating continues) (knife cutting) SIMON: Haron's community has been using this land for thousands of years.

He says that they are just doing what they have always done.

(insects chirping) Have you ever live around the conservancy?

Laikipia Ranch Conservancy?

RICHARD: Laikipia Ranch?

SIMON: Mm-hmm.

RICHARD: Yeah, but not that much.

(speaking Swahili): SIMON: Mm-hmm.

RICHARD: - (murmurs) - (praying) (leader continues, others responding) (prayer echoes, fades) SIMON (speaking Swahili): HARON: SIMON: HARON: SIMON: (rooster crowing) SIMON: (car horn honks) SINGER: Run the record!

("Shamra, Shamra" by Mbuzi Gang and Mejja playing) London!

(officer exclaiming) London!

London!

♪ ♪ WOMAN: It's your favorite boy, Cash Kidd on the track.

(man rapping) ♪ ♪ - (laughing) (song continues) (song ends, car horns honking) HARRY: Hello, hi.

WOMAN: Hi, sit down.

HARRY: Hi, I'm, I'm Harry.

FAITH: I'm Faith.

HARRY: Faith?

FAITH: Yes.

HARRY: Nice to meet you, Faith.

FAITH: Nice to meet you, too.

KEN: Ken.

HARRY: Ken?

KEN: Yeah.

HARRY: Hi, Ken.

KEN: Hi.

LUCY: Harry, Faith is my first-born.

KEN: Yes.

LUCY: Ken is the second-born.

Simon is the third-born.

And there is a fourth-born boy that I left at home.

HARRY: Mm-hmm.

- Then Charlene the last-born, being the fifth one.

And, uh, yeah.

I think they are happy to meet you.

Are you?

FAITH: Yes, we are so happy to finally to meet you.

We've been waiting for this for so long.

HARRY: Yeah, well, I'm pleased that I'm able to, to kind of speak to you, yeah.

In the May of 2019, we traveled to the Laikipia Natures Reserve and we met Ali there, he was our guide.

And he was this really amazing guy, you know?

LUCY: Yeah, yeah.

HARRY: Like, and that's when I actually, specifically, when we went back again in October, I made sure, when I was booking the stay, I asked if we could have him as our guide again.

(clears throat): Which we did.

So we, we set off there, I'm not sure, probably around 7:00?

And we were hiking with, with Ali and my friend and the two rangers.

And, um, I was on one side and he, and my friend was on the other, so we were just kind of walking together.

And then we see some people.

I only saw two or three people, but my friend said he might have seen more.

And we can't remember-- I can't...

I can't really remember exactly what they were wearing.

I wish I could remember a face.

We can't remember any faces.

It was far too far away.

We all just sort of froze.

You know, we just stopped moving.

SIMON: Mm-hmm.

HARRY: And no one said anything.

And then, I think my friend dived on the ground, because he said he saw someone move a gun.

And I think immediately I saw that out of the corner of my eye, and I did the same thing.

So we just dived on the floor.

SIMON: Yeah.

HARRY: And then there was just a lot of shooting.

Like, I heard three shots.

And then, there was a lot of return fire, like machine gun fire, from, um... And I assume that's from the rangers.

And it, this went on, I mean, just, I mean, who knows how many seconds?

Because it's so, so noisy, um, when that happens.

And then we were, we just, like, and then we were just lying on the ground for quite a long time.

And then, I, I stood up, I was the first person to stand up, and I started looking around for the rangers, because I, I thought, like, they're the ones who are sort of supposed to be sort of protecting you, right?

But, like, they'd gone.

LUCY: They were not there.

HARRY: They'd completely gone.

They'd run off, I think.

So I could see, see Ali, he was leaning up against the, he...

I think he managed to get himself onto the, the riverbank.

SIMON: Mm-hmm.

HARRY: So I thought he was gonna...

Going to be okay.

Obviously, he was in a lot of pain, and, um...

I looked at him a bit more.

And he, like, he'd been quite badly shot.

A few times.

And, um... You know, he was, he was in pain, like, a lot of pain.

And he was bleeding quite badly.

- (sighs) HARRY: Like, yeah.

Um, and...

He said, "Tell my family I love them."

That's what he said.

I don't know, I don't, don't think you want to hear too much more.

Yeah.

He was, like, "Please tell my family I love them."

That's what he said.

LUCY: How nice, thank you.

HARRY: I'm so sorry.

SIMON: Please, Harry, sir, thank you.

HARRY: Thank you.

(camera beeps) ♪ ♪ - (crying softly) ♪ ♪ (crying softly) ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ (scene audio playing faintly) SIMON (speaking Swahili): LUCY (speaking Swahili): - (speaking Swahili): LUCY: SIMON: (birds twittering) My father is gone.

But I will continue the work.

The people who killed my father cut the fig tree, but they left the roots.

I have been so focused on what happened to my family and our suffering.

But I see now that so many people have been affected by this situation.

I may never know who killed my father, but this journey has helped me better understand.

Herders can't take care of their cattle or their families.

Villagers are being shot at.

The conservancy workers are scared.

MAN (speaking Swahili): SIMON (speaking Swahili): ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ KOINANGE: You guys are the ones on the ground.

You guys are the ones being affected.

You guys have to tell that story.

And be fearless about it, huh?

Because, you know, some people won't, won't be happy about the stories you tell.

(both speaking Swahili) (herder whistling) (Haron and Simon talking in background) (Haron speaking Swahili) ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ - Now let's join our reporter from Laikipia and see, and see what's happening there.

SIMON: Good.

Yes, I can hear you, main reporter Levis from the studio.

And what's happening, what else have been happening in Laikipia?

- It's a brand-new record.

(humming) London!

London!

- (singing) - Signing in, Simon Akwange Ali.

♪ ♪